****UPDATE /var/www is now /var/www/html for Apache 2.4 which is the default for Ubuntu 14.04 and up for now***

Post installation commands

man - get a manual page on another command (ex: man man)
sudo - run a command with elevated privileges (as an administrator/root)
pwd - prints the working (current) directory
ls - Lists the contents of a directory
cd - Changes into a directory, use cd .. to go to the parent directory, . is the current directory .. is one level up

Update Ubuntu

[In terminal]
sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-dkms

Shut down the virtual machine, modify virtual machine settings to enable 3d acceleration and increase video RAM, Change network settings to bridged so it can be seen on the local network.

Launch Virtual Machine then Go to Devices (menu) -> Shared Clipboard -> Select Bi-Directional

[In terminal]
sudo apt-get install lamp-server^ phpmyadmin git curl chromium-browser

Verify server installation is working
In Firefox goto http://localhost/
Download SublimeText 3 Beta and install

Change user permissions on the /var/www folder where Apache serves it's files from by default (settings can be changed in the /etc/apache2/httpd.conf file or using the /etc/apache2/sites-available folder and a2ensite)

[In terminal (http://www.intellectual-tech.com/setupScripts/setupWWWFolder.sh)]
sudo usermod -a -G www-data shaun
sudo chown -R shaun:www-data /var/www
cd /var/www
mkdir testProject1
cd testProject1
touch index.html
subl .

Save the file as /var/www/testProject1/index.html
Type some HTML
[In Chromium]
goto http://localhost/testProject1/
goto http://localhost/phpmyadmin/

Install RUBY and RVM and configure [source: https://rvm.io/rvm/install]

[In terminal (http://www.intellectual-tech.com/setupScripts/getRVMandRuby.sh)]
\curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --ruby=2.1.0
Go to Edit -> Profile Preferences -> Title and Command
Click Run Command as a login shell and hit close (will cause .bash_profile to be loaded).
ruby --version
gem install compass
compass

Install node to the ~/local folder with this script [source: https://gist.github.com/isaacs/579814]

echo 'export PATH=$HOME/local/bin:$PATH' >> ~/.bashrc
echo 'export CHROME_BIN=/usr/bin/chromium-browser' >> ~/.bashrc
. ~/.bashrc
mkdir ~/local
mkdir ~/node-latest-install
cd ~/node-latest-install
curl http://nodejs.org/dist/v0.10.22/node-v0.10.22.tar.gz | tar xz --strip-components=1
./configure --prefix=~/local
make install
curl https://npmjs.org/install.sh | sh

Install yeoman globally (automatically installs grunt and bower) and install the angular generator globally.

npm install -g yo
npm install -g generator-webapp generator-angular generator-wordpress
cd /var/www
mkdir testProject2
yo angular
Answer questions Green means selected, all are selected by default.
subl .
grunt serve
grunt test
grunt build

https://npmjs.org/
http://sindresorhus.com/bower-components/